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1. |
A Hierarchy of Languages
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A brief discussion of context sensitive languages, recursively enumerable languages and languages with no grammars. Examples show these are not equivalent.
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2. |
Formal Language Theory
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An introductory approach to the topic using many examples.
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3. |
Formal Language Theory and Parsing
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This site includes chapters on regular and context-free languages as well as bottom-up and top-down parsing using LR(k) parsers.
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4. |
Formal Language Theory for Natural Language Processing
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A draft manuscript with chapters on set theory, regular languages, context free languages and the Chomsky hierarchy.
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5. |
Grammars
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A set of slides on grammars and language generation, with examples including a grammar for an abbreviated C language.
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6. |
Grammars And Parsing
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An article with examples from natural languages, parsing with YACC, the use of LL(k) grammars and the hierarchy of regular, LL(k), LR(k), context free, context sensitive and unrestricted grammars.
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7. |
Grammars and Parsing
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A site which describes several types of formal grammars for natural language processing, parse trees, and a number of parsing methods.
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8. |
Lecture Notes
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Notes for a class at Virginia Tech covering formal languages and their connections with finite automata, pushdown automata and Turing machines.
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9. |
The Chomsky Hierarchy of Formal Grammars
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A brief definition of the grammars which define the Chomsky heirarchy of families of languages.
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